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Bettas by Jennifer Lapello
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Tumors
A young plakat male with a tumor on his side.
Photograph by Jennifer Lapello.
Top view of the same fish. Note the bulge caused by the tumor. Photograph by Jennifer Lapello.
Symptoms:  Unusual growths on any part of the fish's body.  Tumors can be internal as well, and can present themselves as hard lumps under the surface.
 
Cause:  Varied.  In my experience, they have been genetic in nature.  Can also be caused by exposure to toxic pollutants or as a result of a severe viral infection. 
 
Treatment:  Tumors can sometimes be successfully removed surgically by a veterinarian who specializes in aquatic species, however tumors are very prone to recurring.  Tumors will gradually grow larger and larger, ultimately resulting in death.  Usually the best option for the fish is euthanasia.
 
Prevention:  Keep fish healthy and in clean water and monitor them after any illness.  Most tumors probably cannot be prevented.
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